Renal transplantation in patients with sarcoidosis: a French multicenter study.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Sarcoidosis is a multisystem disorder of unknown etiology. The outcome of renal transplantation on patients with sarcoidosis is not well known. A few case reports have described recurrence of sarcoidosis after transplant. Here, we report for the first time results and outcome of renal transplantation in a series of patients with sarcoidosis. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS Eighteen patients with sarcoidosis who underwent renal transplantation were identified retrospectively in eight French renal transplantation departments. Patient medical charts, demographics, and the outcome of renal transplantation were reviewed. RESULTS Initial renal disease was related to sarcoidosis in 10 patients. At the end of the follow-up (median, 42 months), patient and death-censored graft survival were 94.4% and the mean GFR was 60 ml/min per 1.73 m(2). Five patients (27%) experienced recurrence of sarcoidosis including extra-renal involvement in two patients and renal involvement in three patients. Median GFR was lower in the group of patients with renal recurrence compared with that of the entire cohort: 31 ml/min per 1.73 m(2). Recurrence occurred shortly after transplantation (median period, 13 months). Risk factors for recurrence included primary renal disease related to sarcoidosis and a shorter delay between the last episode of sarcoidosis and renal transplantation. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that renal transplantation may be carried out safely in transplant candidates with sarcoidosis. Recurrence is not rare and is likely to affect graft outcome. These results fully justify a specific clinical and histologic monitoring mainly during the early posttransplant period.